Slip-On Flange
The Flange is slipped over the Pipe and then welded both inside and outside to provide sufficient strength and prevent leakage. This Flange is used in preference to Weld Necks by many users because of its lower cost and the fact that less accuracy is required when cutting pipe to length.
Blind Flanges
This is a Flange without a bore and is used to shut off a Piping system or vessel opening. It also permits easy access to vessels or Piping systems for inspection purposes. Blind Flanges can be supplied with or without Hubs at the manufacturers option.
Weld-Neck Flanges
This is designed to be joned to a Piping system by Bun Welding. It is relatively expensive because of its long neck, but is preferred for High Stress applications. The Neck, or Hub, transmits stresses to the Pioe, reducing stress concentrations at the base of the Flange. The gradual transition of thickness from the base of the Hub to the wall thickness at the Bun Weld, provides important reinforcement of the Flange. The bore of the Flange matches the bore of the Pipe, reducing turbulence and erosion.
Threaded Flanges
This is similar to a Slip-On Flange in outline, but the bore is threaded, thus enabling assembly without welding. This obviously limits its applications to relatively low pressure Piping systems. The Flange may be welded around the joint after assembly, but this is not considered a satisfactory method of increasing its applications.
Socket Weld Flanges
This is similar to a Slip-On Flange in outline, but the bore is counter-bored to accept Pipe. The diameter of the remaining bore is the same as the inside diameter of the Pipe. The Flange is attached to the Pipe by a Fillet Weld around the Hub of the Flange. An optional interval weld may be applied in High stress applications. Ifs biggest use is in High Pressure Systems such as Hydraulic and Steam Lines.
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